In subproject B09 we investigate patterns and dynamics of aboveground biodiversity and associated ecosystem functions in rainforest transformation systems. Here we compare rainforests with smallholder land-use systems (rubber, oil palm) on Sumatra, Indonesia. In two large-scale experiments, we also investigate 1) whether biodiversity enrichment with planted tree islands and 2) avoiding herbicides and reducing fertilizers increase the biodiversity and functions of oil palm plantations - without compromising their productivity. In further investigations, we explore the role of the landscape context (composition, configuration) for local ecosystem processes and socio-economic trade-offs and synergies. More details on the subproject

In subproject C11 we perform an integrated analysis of socio-economic and ecosystem functions, aggregated at the scale of the local rural economy. We establish an Environmental and Social Accounting Matrix (ESAMs) to aggregate and link existing and future EFForTS data on socio-economic and ecosystem functions. Based on this accounting framework the project evaluates the effects of land-use change scenarios and policies (e.g. certifications schemes, land management regulations) on ecological and socio-economic functions. The project extends the socio-economic analyses to include large-scale plantations and integrates the plantation-based experiments. More details on the subproject. https://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/310995.html ; https://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/b09+-+aboveground+biodiversity+patterns+and+processes+across+rainforest+transformation+landscapes/412081.html ; https://www.uni-goettingen.de/en/618858.html